Medieval History of Madhya Pradesh PDF Download: The history of Madhya Pradesh can be divided into three periods – the ancient period, the medieval period and modern period. During the ancient period, the region was dominated by the Nanda Empire, the Maurya Empire, and the Gupta Empire.
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Medieval History of Madhya Pradesh
History of Madhya Pradesh dates back to the pre-historic times of the evolution of the Earth, even older than the Himalayas. This central region of India belongs to the Gondwana land. As Madhya Pradesh occupies geographically the central position in the country, thus it is regarded as the heart of India. This region was ruled by most of the major dynasties of India.
The attacks of the Hephthalites or White Huns brought about the collapse of the Gupta Empire, and India broke up into smaller states. A king Yasodharman of Malwa defeated the Huns in 528, ending their expansion. King Harsha of Thanesar reunited northern India for a few decades before his death in 647. Malwa was ruled by the South Indian Rashtrakuta Dynasty from the late 8th century to the 10th century. The Medieval period saw the rise of the Rajput clans, including the Paramaras of Malwa and the Chandelas of Bundelkhand.
The medieval history of Madhya Pradesh is a rich and diverse one, spanning over a period of centuries. The region was ruled by a number of different dynasties during this time, including the Chandelas, Paramaras, Pratiharas, and Gonds. Each of these dynasties left its own unique mark on the region, in terms of its architecture, culture, and religion.
One of the most famous dynasties that ruled over Madhya Pradesh during the medieval period was the Chandelas. The Chandelas were known for their magnificent temples, such as the Khajuraho temples, which are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Khajuraho temples are famous for their intricate carvings and sculptures, which depict a wide range of subjects, including erotic scenes.
Another important dynasty that ruled over Madhya Pradesh during the medieval period was the Paramaras. The Paramaras were known for their strong military and their contributions to art and architecture. They built a number of important forts and temples in Madhya Pradesh, including the Gwalior Fort and the Ujjain Astronomical Observatory.
The medieval period was also a time of great religious and cultural ferment in Madhya Pradesh. The region was a major center of both Hinduism and Buddhism. The Bhakti movement, which was a devotional movement that emphasized personal devotion to God, also originated in Madhya Pradesh.
The medieval period came to an end in Madhya Pradesh with the arrival of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century. The Mughals were able to conquer most of the region, and they ruled over it until the 18th century.
Here are some of the key events and developments from the medieval history of Madhya Pradesh:
5th century: The Chandela dynasty establishes itself in Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh.
6th century: The Paramaras dynasty establishes itself in Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh.
8th century: The Pratihara dynasty establishes itself in central India, including parts of Madhya Pradesh.
9th century: The Chandelas begin construction of the Khajuraho temples.
10th century: The Paramaras build the Gwalior Fort.
11th century: The Bhakti movement originates in Madhya Pradesh.
12th century: The Chandelas complete construction of the Khajuraho temples.
13th century: The Paramaras are defeated by the Delhi Sultanate.
14th century: The Pratiharas are defeated by the Delhi Sultanate.
15th century: The Gond dynasty establishes itself in eastern Madhya Pradesh.
16th century: The Mughal Empire conquers Madhya Pradesh.
The medieval history of Madhya Pradesh is a complex and fascinating one. It is a period of time that saw the rise and fall of empires, the development of new religions and cultural movements, and the construction of some of the most iconic monuments in India.
Medieval History of Madhya Pradesh
The medieval period in Madhya Pradesh saw the rise of Rajput clans including the Paramara and Chandela clans, the latter is known for constructing the temples of Khajuraho. By the 14th century, the Malwa Sultanate ruled the region. The modern period in Madhya Pradesh saw the rise of the Mughal Empire, Maratha Empire, and British Empire.
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As we reached towards an era of the medieval period, the Muslims started to explore the land of Madhya Pradesh. Sultan Alauddin Khalji was the first one to reach Malwa and rule it. Then Tughlaqs came to the power and ruled the region for some time. Since 1305, Malwa with the capital Dhar had been under the control of Tughlaqs. In 1401, Dilawar Khan and his son Alp Khan declared themselves independent and marked the beginning of a dynasty
The medieval history of Madhya Pradesh was dominated by various Delhi Sultanate, regional dynasties and Mughal Empire. Developments in the later medieval period were not only significant for Madhya Pradesh but it eventually influenced the history of whole India.
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After the death of Aurangzeb, the Marathas took control of most of Madhya Pradesh. The most prominent Maratha rulers belonged to Scindia, Holkar and Bhonsle dynasties. There were some small states like Rewa, Bhopal, and Orchha in Madhya Pradesh.
The Medieval period saw the rise of the Sultanate age. Northern Madhya Pradesh was conquered by the Turkic Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century.
The Gond kingdoms emerged in Gondwana and Mahakoshal. After the collapse of the Delhi Sultanate at the end of the 14th century, independent regional kingdoms re-emerged, including Gond dynasty, Tomar dynasty and Kachhapaghats dynasty.
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In 14th century, the capital of Malwa was Mandu. The sultanate of Malwa was founded by Dilawar Khan Ghori and Mandu became its capital. In 16th century, Mughal rule was established in Madhya Pradesh.
The Malwa Sultanate was conquered by Gujarat Sultanate in 1531. The Mughal rule lasted till 18th century.
Madhya Pradesh and Sultanate Age
- Invasion of Muhammad of Ghor (1195-1206 AD)
- Slave Dynasty (1206-1290 AD)
- Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)
- Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1413 AD)
- Other Ruling Dynasties
- During Sultanate Age
Other ruling dynasties during Sultanate age in Madhya Pradesh
Other ruling dynasties during Sultanate age in Madhya Pradeshwere Gond dynasty, Tomara dynasty, Kachhapaghats dynasty, Mughal dynasty, Bundela dynasty and Baghel dynasty.
Gond Dynasty (14th-16th Century AD)
Tomara Dynasty (15th-16th Century AD)
Kachhapaghats Dynasty: The first king of this dynasty was Laxman. The sources of the rule of this dynasty have been found from Saas-Bahu temple (Gwalior).
Mughal Period and Madhya Pradesh (16th-18th Century AD): The Mughal rule was founded in 1526 by Babur in India. He defeated Ibrahim Lodhi, the last ruler of Delhi Sultanate in the first battle of Panipat in 1526. Babur defeated Rana Sanga in Battle of Khanwa in 1527 and thus ensured his control over Malwa region.
Bundela Dynasty and Mughals (16th-17th Century AD)
The Bundela dynasty was a dominant force in the regions surrounding Orchha, which is in Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh. Orchha was the capital of Bundela dynasty. The founder of the Bundela dynasty was Jagdas. His younger son Sohan Pal was a great warrior.
Baghel Dynasty and Mughals (16th-17th Century AD): The Baghel dynasty was established in Rewa region of Madhya Pradesh. Baghel was earlier named as Bhatha.
Vyaghra Dev was the first Solanki ruler who came to Baghel from Gujarat and established his rule in this region. The first known ruler of Baghel dynasty was Vir Dhawal. Veerbhan, the ruler of this dynasty helped Humayun in the Battle of Chausa.
Raja Ramchandra Singh was the most powerful ruler of Baghel dynasty. He had control over Kalinjar fort. Tansen, the great musician was from the court of Ramchandra.
Post Mughal Period (18th Century AD)
The Mughal control over Madhya Pradesh became weak considerably after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, between 1720 and 1760; the Marathas took control of most of Madhya Pradesh.
It resulted in the establishment of semi-autonomous states under the nominal control of Peshwa of Puna.
The Holkars of Indore ruled much of Malwa, the Puars ruled Dewas and Dhar, the Bhonsles of Nagpur dominated Mahakoshal-Gondwana area, the Scindias of Gwalior controlled the Northern parts of the state.
The most notable Maratha rulers of the region were Mahadji Scindia, Ahilyabai Holkar and Yashwant Rao Holkar. Besides these, there were several other small states like Bhopal, Orchha and Rewa.
PDF Download – History of Madhya Pradesh
Product details:
| Book Name | History of Madhya Pradesh |
| Author Name | Team MYUPSC |
| Total Page | 50+ |
| Language | English |
| Useful For | Madhya Pradesh State Civil Services (MPPSC) and all other examinations |
| Product type | E-Book / PDF |
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