Q. If in a material one dimension is reduced to the Nano range while the other two dimensions remain large, the structure so obtained is known as? (RPSC RAS Prelims 2023)
(1) Quantum well
(2) Quantum step
(3) Quantum wire
(4) Quantum dot
(5) Question not attempted
Answer: 1
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If one dimension is reduced to the Nano range while the other two dimensions remain large, then we obtain a structure known as a two dimensional (2D) material or quantum well.
A material with two of the three dimensions in the Nano range and third large is called quantum wire.
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A quantum well represents confinement of a charge carrier on only one dimension. A quantum wire represents confinement in two dimensions. A quantum dot is confined in three dimensions. The quantum dot is the only structure that has a discrete energy spectrum, like an atom and so is often called artificial atoms.
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