61. Which of the following Committees recommended the establishment of the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India?
(A) Narasimham Committee
(B) Rangarajan Committee
(C) Abid Hussain Committee
(D) Pherwani Committee
✅ Answer: (D) Pherwani Committee
Explanation: The Pherwani Committee (1991) recommended the creation of the NSE to modernize stock trading in India.
62. Which tax reform in India aimed to unify multiple indirect taxes into a single tax?
(A) GST
(B) VAT
(C) Excise Duty
(D) Customs Duty
✅ Answer: (A) GST
Explanation: The Goods and Services Tax (GST), implemented in 2017, subsumed multiple indirect taxes.
63. Which data is used to measure the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in India?
(A) Human Development Index
(B) National Family Health Survey
(C) Gini Coefficient
(D) Poverty Gap Index
✅ Answer: (B) National Family Health Survey
Explanation: The NFHS data is used to calculate India’s MPI — which considers health, education, and living standards.
64. Which one of the following statements is INCORRECT?
(A) ‘The Hindu’ was founded by G. Subramania Iyer
(B) ‘Young India’ was published by Mahatma Gandhi
(C) ‘Bombay Times’ was founded by Sanjibani
(D) ‘Amrita Bazar Patrika’ was founded by Sisir Kumar Ghosh
✅ Answer: (C) ‘Bombay Times’ was founded by Sanjibani
Explanation: ‘Bombay Times’ (later The Times of India) was founded by Robert Knight, not Sanjibani.
65. Which of the following is NOT a component of India’s fiscal deficit?
(A) Revenue Deficit
(B) Primary Deficit
(C) Monetary Deficit
(D) Effective Revenue Deficit
✅ Answer: (C) Monetary Deficit
Explanation: Fiscal deficit = Total Expenditure – (Revenue + Non-debt Receipts). Monetary deficit is not a recognized fiscal term.
66. Match the following (Evidence of Global Warming):
| Evidence | Observation |
|---|---|
| a. Edge of the West Antarctic ice sheet | 1. Shrinking rapidly |
| b. Glacial retreat in Himachal Pradesh | 2. Increased sevenfold (1978–1995) |
| c. Glacial ice in Tien Shan, China | 3. Shrunk nearly 25% in 60 years |
| d. Russian Caucasus glacial ice | 4. Almost half melted away in four decades |
✅ Answer: (A) a–1, b–2, c–3, d–4
Explanation: All four statements show scientific evidence of accelerated global warming and glacier retreat.
67. Match the following Indian States with their International Boundaries:
| State | Countries |
|---|---|
| a. Gujarat | 4. Pakistan |
| b. Sikkim | 2. China and Nepal |
| c. West Bengal | 1. Bhutan and Bangladesh |
| d. Arunachal Pradesh | 3. China |
✅ Answer: (D) a–4, b–2, c–1, d–3
Explanation: These are the correct international borders shared by the respective Indian states.
68. Which of the following is NOT a function of the Reserve Bank of India?
(A) Monetary Policy Regulation
(B) Currency Issuance
(C) Regulation of Stock Exchanges
(D) Lender of the Last Resort
✅ Answer: (C) Regulation of Stock Exchanges
Explanation: Stock exchanges are regulated by SEBI, not the RBI.
69. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted on —
(A) 11th December 1997
(B) 21st December 2004
(C) 10th December 1987
(D) 9th December 2003
✅ Answer: (A) 11th December 1997
Explanation: The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan (1997) and enforced in 2005 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
70. Which is the deepest part of the ocean in the world?
(A) The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench
(B) The Horizon Deep in the Tonga Trench
(C) South Sandwich Trench
(D) Indian Oceanic Trench
✅ Answer: (A) The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench
Explanation: Located in the Pacific Ocean, the Challenger Deep is about 10,984 meters deep.