11. What was / were the changes made into India’s governance by Government of India Act 1858?
1. Governor-General was to be called as the Viceroy
2. Office of Secretary of state for India was created
3. A highly centralised administrative structure was created
4. A federal court was established
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 1 & 2
[C] Only 1, 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: C [Only 1, 2 & 3]
Notes:
As per the Government of India Act 1858, the company rule was abolished and British rule started. Board of Control and the Court of Directors were abolished. The post of the Secretary of State for India was created with a total of 15 members in his council. Lord Stanley became the Secretary of State for India. Governor-General was to be called as the Viceroy. As per Government of India Act of 1935, Federal Court was established in Delhi in the year 1937. Federal court came much later (GOI Act 1935).
12. Who among the following had started the newspaper titled “Sudharak”?
[A] Mahadev Govind Ranade
[B] Bal Gangadhar Tilak
[C] Gopal Krishna Gokhale
[D] Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
Answer: D [ Gopal Ganesh Agarkar ]
Notes:
Gopal Ganesh Agarkar was a social reformer, educationist, thinker from Maharashtra.He was a co-founder of the renowned educational institutes like the New English School, the Deccan Education Society and Fergusson College along with Lokamanya Tilak, Vishnushastri Chiplunkar and etc.He was an editor of newspaper ‘Kesari’.In October 1887 he resigned from editorship of ‘Kesari’ and started his own newspaper ‘Sudharak'(Reformer).
13. During Freedom Struggle, who had launched a journal called “Free Hindustan” from United States of America?
[A] Tarankanath Das
[B] Akshay Kumar Datta
[C] Batukeshwar Datta
[D] Lala Hardayal
Answer: A [ Tarankanath Das]
Notes:
In 1905 , Tarankanath Das sailed to japan and lived there in exile under an assumed name Tarak Brahmachari and after one year. He went to San Francisco(USA) and launched his journal named “Free Hindustan”. With its columns he started influencing the American public opinion about the real condition of India and circulated the cause of a free Indian republic. He established the Indian Independence League in California and also helped Lala Hardayal in organizing the Ghadar Party Movement in the USA . He later became of a professor of political science at the university of California. He strongly opposed the partition of India.
14. Which among the following statements conform to the ideology of the Arya Samaj?
1. The Vedas are infallible
2. The marriageable age of the boys and girls should be 25 and 16 respectively
3. Encouraging female education
4. Recognition of interreligious marriages
Select the correct statements from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1, 2 & 3
[B] Only 2, 3 & 4
[C] Only 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4 ]
Notes:
The first statement is obviously correct. The Samaj regards the Vedas as infallible, eternal and divine. The second statement is also correct. The Samaj, to prevent child marriage, fixed the minimum marriageable age at 25 years for boys and 16 for girls. Inter-caste marriage and widow remarriage were encouraged. Third statement is also correct. Arya Samaj has been a pioneer for education of all. Arya Samaj promotes both Vedic religious and secular education for boys, girls and adults. Fourth statement is also correct albeit, it does not allow Muslims, Jews, Christians etc. marriages unless they conform to their so called Shuddhi rituals and convert to Hinduism.
15. Consider the following societies/schools:
1. Arya Samaj
2. Brahmo Samaj
3. Prarthana Samaj
4. Satyashodhak Samaj
Which of the above rejected the authority of the Vedas?
[A] 1, 2 & 3 Only
[B] 2, 3 & 4 Only
[C] 3 & 4 Only
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4
Answer: C [3 & 4 Only]
Notes:
Although the adherents of Prarthana Samaj were devoted theists, they also did not regard the Vedas as divine or infallible. Satyashodhak Samaj was started by Jyotirao Phule with the ideals of human well-being, happiness, unity, equality, and easy religious principles and rituals. Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Sarasawti and was based on Indian religious movement that promotes values and practices based on the infallibility of the Vedas. Brahmo Samaj was based on the faith in Vedas.
16. Who was the Vice President of the executive council formed during the interim government in 1946?
[A] Dr. Rajendra Prasad
[B] C. Rajagopalachari
[C] KM Munshi
[D] Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: D [Jawaharlal Nehru]
Notes:
The formation of the interim government was announced on 24th August, 1946. Viceroy was to be the President of the executive council. And Jawaharlal Nehru was designated the Vice President of the executive council.
17.Which of the following battle ended the dream of the French to set up a French empire in India?
[A] Battle of Wandiwash
[B] Battle of Plassey
[C] Battle of Bidara
[D] None of the above
Answer: A [Battle of Wandiwash]
Notes:
The Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 ended the dream of the French to set up a French empire in India as they lost their possession in the war and no permission was granted to them for setting up any fort.
18.Who said that “Buxar finally riveted the shackles of Company’s rule upon Bengal”?
[A] Ramsay Muir
[B] Broome
[C] Smith
[D] James Stephen
Answer: A [Ramsay Muir]
Notes:
The battle of Buxar was fought in the year 1764. Sir Ramsay Muir opined that “Buxar finally riveted the shackles of Company’s rule upon Bengal”.
19.The Calcutta Medical College was established by William Bentinck in which year?
[A] 1828
[B] 1829
[C] 1833
[D] 1835
Answer: D [1835]
Notes:
Calcutta Medical College was established in the year 1835. The former name of the college was Medical College, Bengal.
20.Which of the following Round table conference held when Lord Willingdon was the Viceroy of India?
1. First Round Table Conference
2. Second Round Table Conference
3. Third Round Table Conference
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 only
[B] 1 & 3
[C] 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Answer: C [2 & 3]
Notes:
First Round Table Conference was conducted in 1930 (November) when the Viceroy of India was Lord Irwin. Second and Third Round Table Conference held in the year 1931 and 1932 respectively when the Viceroy of India was Lord Willingdon.