Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630-1680):
- Why in the News? : Union Home Minister Amit Shah paid tribute to Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj on his 345th death anniversary at Raigad Fort on April 3,2025.
- Introduction : Shivaji was born in 1630 at Shivneri Fort. He learned warfare and administration from his mother Jijabai and guardian Dadaji Kondev. He was the founder of the Maratha Empire and is considered one of India’s greatest warriors and master strategists.
- Coronation : He was crowned in 1674 at Raigad Fort, where he assumed the title of ‘Chhatrapati’.
- Establishment of the Maratha Empire : He laid the foundation of the Maratha Empire by adopting the strategy of guerrilla warfare against the Mughals and the Adil Shahi of Bijapur.
- Administrative Reforms : Shivaji created a council of eight ministers called the Ashtapradhan, which handled various administrative matters. He also established an efficient and just revenue system.
- Development of the Navy : He built India’s first indigenous navy , which played an important role in the defence of the Konkan coast.
- Death : Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj died on 3 April, 1680 in Raigad Fort.