31.Which of the following is a tapeworm?
[A] Enterobius
[B] Fasciola
[C] Taenia
[D] Schistosoma
Answer: C [Taenia]
Notes:
Taenia is a genus of tapeworm that includes some important parasites of livestock. Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. There are more than 100 species recorded. They are morphologically characterized by a ribbon-like body composed of a series of segments called proglottids with proximal mouth called scolex.
32.Pellagra and Scurvy are caused by which pair of vitamin deficiency respectively ____:
[A] Vitamin C and Vitamin A
[B] Vitamin C and Vitamin D
[C] Vitamin A and Vitamin B-12
[D] Vitamin B-12 and Vitamin C
Answer: D [Vitamin B-12 and Vitamin C]
Notes:
Pellagra also called ‘necklace disease’ defines systemic disease as resulting from a marked cellular deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3). It is characterized by 4 “D’s”: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. Scurvy is a state of dietary deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). It causes general weakness, anaemia, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages.
33.Conglobate gland is a leaf like structure found in ____:
[A] Male Ascaris
[B] Male Cockroach
[C] Female Cockroach
[D] Female Ascaris
Answer: B [Male Cockroach]
Notes:
Conglobate gland is a leaf like, median, unbranched gland of male cockroach. It lies below the ejaculatory duct and open into the genital pouch close to the male genital aperture.
34.Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule are part of which organ of body?
[A] Heart
[B] Kidney
[C] Liver
[D] Lungs
Answer: B [Kidney]
Notes:
The glomerulus, the filtering unit of the kidney. It is a specialized bundle of capillaries that are uniquely situated between two resistance vessels. These capillaries are each contained within the Bowman’s capsule. Bowman’s capsule is a very important structure in the nephron of the kidney. The Bowman’s capsule acts as a site to receive products of the glomerular filtration. The process that occurs is known as ultrafiltration. the filtrates are water, glucose, amino acids, urea, mineral salts and other small molecules. The filtrate has the same composition as blood plasma, however, it does not contain red blood cells and plasma proteins as they are too big to diffuse through.
35.On an average how many million Red Blood Cells are present in a healthy human adult man per mm3 of blood?
[A] 1.5 – 2
[B] 2 – 2.5
[C] 5 – 5.5
[D] 9 – 9.5
Answer: C [5 – 5.5]
Notes:
The primary function of the red blood cells, or erythrocytes, is to carry oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and to transfer carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs. The RBC is a count of the number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Newborns: 4.8 – 7.2 million Adults: (males): 4.6 – 6.0 million
36.Which one of the following is an extinct animal?
[A] Ibis
[B] Passenger pigeon
[C] Mountain quail
[D] Pink-headed duck
Answer: B [Passenger pigeon]
Notes:
The Passenger Pigeon or Wild Pigeon is an extinct North American bird. The species lived in enormous migratory flocks until the early 20th century, when continued hunting and habitat destruction led to its demise.
37.The main use of salt in the diet is to ____:
[A] Produce in small amounts the hydrochloric acid required for the digestion of food
[B] Increase the solubility of the food particles in water
[C] Ease the process of cooking
[D] Make the taste of the food better
Answer: A [Produce in small amounts the hydrochloric acid required for the digestion of food]
Notes:
Common table salt plays a primary role in the processes of digestion and absorption. Salt activates an enzyme in the mouth called salivary amylase. Salt also creates hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a very important digestive secretion, which lines the stomach walls.
38.The maximum biological damage is produced by ____:
[A] X-rays
[B] Gamma-rays
[C] Alpha-rays
[D] Beta-rays
Answer: B [Gamma-rays]
Notes:
Gamma radiation, also known as gamma rays, is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency and therefore high energy. Gamma rays are ionising radiation and are thus biologically hazardous.
39.The Ozone layer protects us from _____:
[A] Cosmic rays
[B] Ultra-Violet rays
[C] Visible rays
[D] Infrared rays
Answer: B [Ultra-Violet rays]
Notes:
The ozone layer refers to a region of Earth’s stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It absorbs 97–99% of the Sun’s medium frequency ultraviolet light (from about 200 nm to 315 nm wavelength), which otherwise would potentially damage exposed life forms near the surface.
40.Which is one of the most important technique for the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension through a medium in which the components move at different rates?
[A] Filtration
[B] Distillation
[C] Evaporation
[D] Chromatography
Answer: D [Chromatography]
Notes:
Chromatography is the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor (as in gas chromatography) through a medium in which the components move at different rates. Thin-layer chromatography is a special type of chromatography used for separating and identifying mixtures that are or can be colored, especially pigments.