Q. ‘Anda, harmika and Chhatri’ are integral parts of which one of the following Buddhist monuments?
(1) Chaityas
(2 Viharas
(3) Stupas
(4) Basadis
Answer: 3
Anda, Chatra, Harmika, Medhi, Pradakshina Path and Torana are features of Buddhist Stupas.
The terms Anda, harmika, Yasti, and Chhatri are features of Buddhist stupas. A stupa is a burial mound that symbolizes the Buddha’s burial mound.
The terms are defined as follows:
Anda: A hemispherical mound that symbolizes the mound of dirt used to cover Buddha’s remains
Harmika: A square railing that represents the Abode of the Gods
Yasti: A mast that arises from the harmika
Chhatri: An umbrella-like structure that shelters relics and is supported by a large central pillar
Stupas originated as simple semi-circular mounds of earth. They gradually evolved into more complex forms that combine round and square shapes.
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